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DBMS > MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. QuestDB vs. RDF4J vs. SQL.JS

System Properties Comparison MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. QuestDB vs. RDF4J vs. SQL.JS

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Port of SQLite to JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score93.21
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score0.53
Rank#252  Overall
#116  Relational DBMS
Websitemariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
azure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasequestdb.iordf4j.orgsql.js.org
Technical documentationmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarydocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlquestdb.io/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationsql.js.org/­documentation/­index.html
DeveloperMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
MicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Alon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by others
Initial release2009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 19952010201420042012
Current release11.3.2, February 2024V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC and C++C++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustJavaJavaScript
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyes infoDynamic columns are supportedyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith proprietary extensionsyesSQL with time-series extensionsnoyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
JavaScript API
Supported programming languagesAda
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Java
PHP
Python
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3Transact SQLnoyesno
Triggersyesyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesseveral options for horizontal partitioning and Shardinghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)nonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication with eventual consistencynonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDACID for single-table writesACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellno infoexcept by serializing a db to a file
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infowith MEMORY storage engineyes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono
More information provided by the system vendor
MariaDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureQuestDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSQL.JS
Specific characteristicsMariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more
Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesMariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
» more
High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosWeb, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more
Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersDeutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more
Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Market metricsMariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more
Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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3rd partiesNavicat for MariaDB provides a native environment for MariaDB database management and development.
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More resources
MariaDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureQuestDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSQL.JS
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