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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J vs. Sequoiadb vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J vs. Sequoiadb vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSequoiadb  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.NewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQLTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRDF storeDocument store
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score0.45
Rank#261  Overall
#41  Document stores
#122  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaserdf4j.orgwww.sequoiadb.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlrdf4j.org/­documentationwww.sequoiadb.com/­en/­index.php?m=Files&a=indexgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Sequoiadb Ltd.Aurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20112010200420132012
Current release1.23, February 2021V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoServer: AGPL; Client: Apache V2Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes infoRDF Schemasschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes infooid, date, timestamp, binary, regexyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesnoSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
proprietary protocol using JSONJava API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLyesJavaScriptyes
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availablenoneSource-replica replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedDocument is locked during a transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnosimple password-based access controlUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSequoiadbTitan
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