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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle vs. QuestDB vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle vs. QuestDB vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used RDBMSA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Relational DBMSDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score2.91
Rank#102  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.oracle.com/­databasequestdb.iowww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasequestdb.io/­docsdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftOracleQuestDB Technology IncYugabyte Inc.
Initial release20112014198020142017
Current release1.23, February 202123c, September 20232.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageC++C and C++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustC and C++
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocoldepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infoJSON typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyes infowith proprietary extensionsSQL with time-series extensionsyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJavaScriptPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possiblenoyes infosql, plpgsql, C
TriggersnoJavaScriptyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)Hash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication with eventual consistencyBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no infocan be realized in PL/SQLnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID for single-table writesDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes infothrough memory mapped filesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOracleQuestDBYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
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Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Market metrics2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more
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More resources
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOracleQuestDBYugabyteDB
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