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DBMS > LevelDB vs. MariaDB vs. Neo4j vs. Postgres-XL vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. MariaDB vs. Neo4j vs. Postgres-XL vs. QuestDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresA high performance open source SQL database for time series data
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score93.21
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbmariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
neo4j.comwww.postgres-xl.orgquestdb.io
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­libraryneo4j.com/­docswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationquestdb.io/­docs
DeveloperGoogleMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
Neo4j, Inc.QuestDB Technology Inc
Initial release20112009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 199520072014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB2014
Current release1.23, February 202111.3.2, February 20245.19, April 202410 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availableOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++C and C++Java, ScalaCJava (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyes infoDynamic columns are supportedschema-free and schema-optionalyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infowith proprietary extensionsnoyes infodistributed, parallel query executionSQL with time-series extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3yes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functionsno
Triggersnoyesyes infovia event handleryesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneseveral options for horizontal partitioning and Shardingyes using Neo4j Fabrichorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication with eventual consistency
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes infoRelationships in graphsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDACID infoMVCCACID for single-table writes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infowith MEMORY storage enginenoyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
LevelDBMariaDBNeo4jPostgres-XLQuestDB
Specific characteristicsMariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesMariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosWeb, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersDeutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Market metricsMariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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