DBMS > LevelDB vs. MariaDB vs. Memgraph vs. OpenSearch vs. PostGIS

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. MariaDB vs. Memgraph vs. OpenSearch vs. PostGIS

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

Spatial extension of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	91.04
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	3.19
Rank	#94	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS

Score	16.03
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	21.72
Rank	#29	Overall
	#1	Spatial DBMS

Website

github.com/google/leveldb

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

memgraph.com

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

postgis.net

Technical documentation

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

memgraph.com/docs

opensearch.org/docs/latest

postgis.net/documentation

Social network pages

Developer

Google

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

Memgraph Ltd

Amazon Web Services

Initial release

2011

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2017

2021

2005

Current release

1.23, February 2021

11.3.2, February 2024

2.5.0, January 2023

3.4.2, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

BSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL v2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.

Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.
STACKIT OpenSearch offers OpenSearch in a managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant, for a wide range of applications like analytics, website search, offering scalability and fast data access.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

schema-free and schema-optional

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

Sharding

yes

based on PostgreSQL

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication using RAFT

yes

based on PostgreSQL

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

with snapshot isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users, roles and permissions

yes

based on PostgreSQL

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more

Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more

Competitive advantages

MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
» more

Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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Typical application scenarios

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more

Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more

Key customers

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more

Market metrics

MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Licensing and pricing models

MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
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