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DBMS > LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak TS vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak TS vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRiak TS  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLRiak TS is a distributed NoSQL database optimized for time series data and based on Riak KVCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.09
Rank#121  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.28
Rank#307  Overall
#27  Time Series DBMS
Score10.06
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.postgresql.orgwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationwww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­ts/­latestvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperSymasMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpen Source, formerly Basho TechnologiesOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release201120101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20152005
Current release0.9.32, January 2024V1216.3, May 20243.0.0, September 202212.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++CErlangC++
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesrestrictedNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes, limitedFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Erlangyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnoyesyesyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardinghorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factorMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno infolinks between datasets can be storedyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
LMDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePostgreSQLRiak TSVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
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Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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More resources
LMDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePostgreSQLRiak TSVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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