DBMS > Kdb vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RRDtool vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Kdb vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RRDtool vs. Solr

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

High performance Time Series DBMS

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database.

The data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.

A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene

Primary database model

Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Search engine

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.71
Rank	#49	Overall
	#2	Time Series DBMS
	#1	Vector DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	76.78
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	1.90
Rank	#132	Overall
	#11	Time Series DBMS

Score	41.02
Rank	#24	Overall
	#3	Search engines

Website

kx.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool

solr.apache.org

Technical documentation

code.kx.com

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc

solr.apache.org/resources.html

Developer

Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plc

Microsoft

Tobias Oetiker

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2000

kdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003

2014

2010

1999

2006

Current release

3.6, May 2018

V12

1.8.0, 2022

9.6.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free 32-bit version

commercial

Open Source

GPL V2 and FLOSS

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Implementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

HP-UX
Linux

All OS with a Java VM

runs as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

Numeric data only

yes

supports customizable data types and automatic typing

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Exporting into and restoring from XML files possible

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

table attribute 'grouped'

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (q)

SQL-like query language

yes

Solr Parallel SQL Interface

APIs and other access methods

HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

in-process shared library
Pipes

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

with librrd library
C#

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Java

with a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js)

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP

with a wrapper library
Python
Ruby

.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

JavaScript

Transact SQL

Java plugins

Triggers

yes

with views

JavaScript

yes

User configurable commands triggered on index changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes, with always 3 replicas available

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

similar paradigm used for internal processing

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

by using the rrdcached daemon

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

rights management via user accounts

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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Competitive advantages

provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Typical application scenarios

tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Key customers

Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more

Market metrics

kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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Licensing and pricing models

upon request
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.