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DBMS > Ingres vs. OpenQM vs. Oracle vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. OpenQM vs. Oracle vs. SQLite

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonOpenQM infoalso called QM  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWell established RDBMSQpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMSWidely used RDBMSWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.67
Rank#77  Overall
#42  Relational DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#10  Multivalue DBMS
Score1234.27
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score116.01
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-open-qmwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasewww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperActian CorporationRocket Software, originally Martin PhillipsOracleDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s199319802000
Current release11.2, May 20223.4-1223c, September 20233.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC and C++C
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
server-less
Data schemeyesyes infowith some exceptionsyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languages.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleno
Triggersyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyyesSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres ReplicatoryesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
IngresOpenQM infoalso called QMOracleSQLite
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