DBMS > dBASE vs. Ingres vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison dBASE vs. Ingres vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle vs. YDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

dBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.

Well established RDBMS

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Widely used RDBMS

A distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	10.34
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.35
Rank	#278	Overall
	#43	Document stores
	#127	Relational DBMS

Website

www.dbase.com

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

github.com/google/leveldb

www.oracle.com/database

github.com/ydb-platform/ydb
ydb.tech

Technical documentation

www.dbase.com/support/knowledgebase

docs.actian.com/ingres

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

docs.oracle.com/en/database

ydb.tech/en/docs

Developer

Asthon Tate

Actian Corporation

Google

Oracle

Yandex

Initial release

1979

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2011

1980

2019

Current release

dBASE 2019, 2019

11.2, May 2022

1.23, February 2021

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache 2.0; commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

DOS

dBase Classic
Windows

dBase Pro

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language (YQL)

APIs and other access methods

none

The IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)

Supported programming languages

dBase proprietary IDE

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

The IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Ingres Replicator

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Active-passive shard replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

not for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMS

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights defined for Yandex Cloud users

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