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DBMS > Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. TinkerGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used RDBMSA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.24
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score807.76
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1286.59
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#345  Overall
#34  Graph DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­databasetinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationdocs.immudb.iolearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperCodenotaryMicrosoftOracle
Initial release2020198919802009
Current release1.2.3, April 2022SQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageGoC++C and C++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like syntaxyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
ImmudbMicrosoft SQL ServerOracleTinkerGraph
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