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DBMS > Immudb vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score0.45
Rank#262  Overall
#123  Relational DBMS
Score104.92
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.kingbase.com.cnwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaserdf4j.org
Technical documentationdocs.immudb.iodeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperCodenotaryBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.MicrosoftMicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20201999199220102004
Current release1.2.3, April 2022V8.0, August 20211902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficecommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC and JavaC++C++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Windows
Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLshostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like syntaxStandard with numerous extensionsyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyesno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineTransact SQLyes
Triggersnoyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availablenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
ImmudbKingbaseMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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