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DBMS > HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. STSdb vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. STSdb vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing methodTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.04
Rank#360  Overall
#52  Key-value stores
Websitehsqldb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.comgithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4github.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperMicrosoftStardog-UnionSTS Soft SCAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20012010201020112012
Current release2.7.2, June 2023V127.3.0, May 20204.0.8, September 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++JavaC#Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
WindowsLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)yes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Servernono
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
.NET Client APIJava API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava, SQLTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javanoyes
Triggersyesyesyes infovia event handlersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-Clusternoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes inforelationships in graphsnoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogSTSdbTitan
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