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DBMS > HyperSQL vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RisingWave

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RisingWave

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRisingWave  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA distributed RDBMS for stream processing, wire-compatible with PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.64
Rank#238  Overall
#110  Relational DBMS
Websitehsqldb.orgwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.risingwave.com/­database
Technical documentationhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.risingwave.com/­docs/­current/­intro
DeveloperLeanXcaleMicrosoftRisingWave Labs
Initial release2001201520102022
Current release2.7.2, June 2023V121.2, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++Rust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshostedDocker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesStandard SQL-types and JSON
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infothrough Apache Derbyyesyes
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
Java
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava, SQLTransact SQLUDFs in Python or Java
Triggersyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and Roles

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More resources
HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRisingWave
DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020
4 January 2021, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years
7 February 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

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