DBMS > HyperSQL vs. Immudb vs. jBASE vs. Oracle vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. Immudb vs. jBASE vs. Oracle vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

A robust multi-value DBMS comprising development tools and middleware

Widely used RDBMS

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.49
Rank	#87	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	1.41
Rank	#159	Overall
	#3	Multivalue DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

hsqldb.org

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-jbase

www.oracle.com/database

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

docs.immudb.io

docs.rocketsoftware.com/bundle?labelkey=jbase_5.9

docs.oracle.com/en/database

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Codenotary

Rocket Software (formerly Zumasys)

Oracle

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2001

2020

1991

1980

2000

Current release

2.7.2, June 2023

1.2.3, April 2022

5.7

23c, September 2023

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

based on BSD license

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

AIX
Linux
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

server-less

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like syntax

Embedded SQL for jBASE in BASIC

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Basic
Jabbascript
Java

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, SQL

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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