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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Heroic vs. LevelDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. TempoIQ

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Heroic vs. LevelDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. TempoIQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­spotify/­heroicgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.postgresql.orgtempoiq.com (offline)
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlspotify.github.io/­heroicgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaSpotifyGooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTempoIQ
Initial release2013201420111989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2012
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.23, February 202116.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++C
Server operating systemsLinuxIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnononoyesyes infoRealtime Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardsimple authentication-based access control

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More resources
Apache ImpalaHeroicLevelDBPostgreSQLTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB
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