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DBMS > HBase vs. Neo4j vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison HBase vs. Neo4j vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHBase  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLDistributed, fault tolerant key-value storeIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service
Primary database modelWide column storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.01
Rank#79  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Score44.27
Rank#23  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Websitehbase.apache.orgneo4j.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.html
Technical documentationhbase.apache.org/­book.htmlneo4j.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latesthelp.sap.com/­hana
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetNeo4j, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpenSource, formerly Basho TechnologiesSAP
Initial release200820071989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20092010
Current release2.3.4, January 20215.20, May 202416.3, May 20243.2.0, December 20222.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editioncommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoalso available as a cloud based service
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava, ScalaCErlang
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Appliance or cloud-service
Data schemeschema-free, schema definition possibleschema-free and schema-optionalyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesrestrictedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoCoprocessors in Javayes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.ErlangSQLScript, R
Triggersyesyes infovia event handleryesyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes using Neo4j Fabricpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infono "single point of failure"yes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factoryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyesno infolinks between data sets can be storedyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, using Riak Securityyes
More information provided by the system vendor
HBaseNeo4jPostgreSQLRiak KVSAP HANA
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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