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DBMS > HBase vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison HBase vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHBase  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score0.50
Rank#257  Overall
#119  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#345  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitehbase.apache.orgwww.kingbase.com.cnazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.postgresql.orgtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationhbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.MicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2008199920101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2009
Current release2.3.4, January 2021V8.0, August 2021V1216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and JavaC++CJava
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
Linux
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-free, schema definition possibleyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoStandard with numerous extensionsyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoCoprocessors in Javauser defined functionsTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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HBaseKingbaseMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePostgreSQLTinkerGraph
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