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DBMS > H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Neo4j vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Neo4j vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSpatial extension of H2Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.08
Rank#368  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.63
Rank#109  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2gis.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
neo4j.comwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationwww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homelearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.nebula-graph.ioneo4j.com/­docsdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperCNRSMicrosoftVesoft Inc.Neo4j, Inc.Yugabyte Inc.
Initial release20132014201920072017
Current release5.20, May 20242.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoLGPL 3.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java, ScalaC and C++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeyesschema-freeStrong typed schemaschema-free and schema-optionaldepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languageSQL-like query languagenoyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infobased on H2JavaScriptuser defined functionsyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyes infosql, plpgsql, C
TriggersyesJavaScriptyes infovia event handleryes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingyes using Neo4j FabricHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infobased on H2yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceCausal Clustering using Raft protocolCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlyes infobased on H2Access rights can be defined down to the item levelRole-based access controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yes
More information provided by the system vendor
H2GISMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBNebulaGraphNeo4jYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more
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