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DBMS > H2 vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle vs. SQLite

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesWidely used RDBMSWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasewww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperThomas MuellerGoogleOracleDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release2005201119802000
Current release2.2.220, July 20231.23, February 202123c, September 20233.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSDcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C and C++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
server-less
Data schemeyesschema-freeyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesJavaC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleno
Triggersyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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