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DBMS > GreptimeDB vs. MariaDB vs. Milvus vs. Neo4j

System Properties Comparison GreptimeDB vs. MariaDB vs. Milvus vs. Neo4j

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGreptimeDB  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn open source Time Series DBMS built for increased scalability, high performance and efficiencyMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.06
Rank#352  Overall
#33  Time Series DBMS
Score93.21
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Websitegreptime.commariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
milvus.ioneo4j.com
Technical documentationdocs.greptime.commariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarymilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdneo4j.com/­docs
DeveloperGreptime Inc.MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
Neo4j, Inc.
Initial release20222009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 199520192007
Current release11.3.2, February 20242.3.4, January 20245.20, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusNeo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageRustC and C++C++, GoJava, Scala
Server operating systemsAndroid
Docker
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-free, schema definition possibleyes infoDynamic columns are supportedschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsnono
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
HTTP API
JDBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
RESTful HTTP APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPythonyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3noyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
Triggersyesnoyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingseveral options for horizontal partitioning and ShardingShardingyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infonot for MyISAM storage enginenoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infonot for MyISAM storage enginenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infowith MEMORY storage engineyes
User concepts infoAccess controlSimple rights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rightsUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
GreptimeDBMariaDBMilvusNeo4j
Specific characteristicsGreptimeDB is a SQL & Python-enabled timeseries database system built from scratch...
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MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
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Competitive advantages- Inherits advantages of Rust, such as excellent performance, memory safe, resource...
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MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosFor IoT industries, GreptimeDB can seamless integrate with message queues and other...
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Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
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Key customersGreptime's clients span multiple sectors including IoT, connected vehicles, and energy...
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Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsGreptimeDB has garnered global recognition by topping GitHub trends following its...
» more
MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGreptimeDB: open source, distributed, cloud-native TSDB; supports Hybrid Time-series...
» more
MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more
Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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