DB-EnginesInfluxDB: Focus on building software with an easy-to-use serverless, scalable time series platformEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > GraphDB vs. Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison GraphDB vs. Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score8.37
Rank#48  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.ontotext.comgreenplum.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.com
Technical documentationgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.greenplum.orglearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.com
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperOntotextPivotal Software Inc.MicrosoftMicrosoftStardog-Union
Initial release20002005201420102010
Current release10.4, October 20237.0.0, September 2023V127.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infosince Version 4.2yesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesSQL-like query languageyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyesJavaScriptTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
TriggersnoyesJavaScriptyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyeswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoConstraint checkingyesnoyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMGreenplumMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardog
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
News

Migrating From LPG to RDF Graph Model
8 May 2024

Case study: Policy Enforcement Automation With Semantics
2 May 2024

Okay, RAG… We Have a Problem
26 April 2024

Scaling Understanding with the Help of Feedback Loops, Knowledge Graphs and NLP
19 April 2024

How Knowledge Graphs Power Data Mesh and Data Fabric
10 April 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesCData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMGreenplumMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardog
DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020
4 January 2021, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years
7 February 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Recent citations in the news

Ontotext's GraphDB Solution is Now Available on the Microsoft Azure Marketplace
16 January 2024, PR Newswire

Ontotext Unveils GraphDB 10.4 with Enhanced AWS Integration and ChatGPT Connector
24 October 2023, Datanami

Ontotext Platform 3.0 for Enterprise Knowledge Graphs Released
18 December 2019, KDnuggets

It's just semantics: Bulgarian software dev Ontotext squeezes out GraphDB 9.1
15 January 2020, The Register

Ontotext's GraphDB 10 Brings Modern Data Architectures to the Mainstream with Better Resilience and Еаsier Operations
5 July 2022, PR Newswire

provided by Google News

VMware Greenplum on AWS: Parallel Postgres for Enterprise Analytics at Scale | Amazon Web Services
9 September 2019, AWS Blog

1. Introducing the Greenplum Database - Data Warehousing with Greenplum [Book]
6 December 2018, O'Reilly Media

RSA: EMC integrates Hadoop with Greenplum database
26 February 2013, DatacenterDynamics

Greenplum 6 ventures outside the analytic box
19 March 2019, ZDNet

Greenplum 6 review: Jack of all trades, master of some
7 November 2019, InfoWorld

provided by Google News

Start your AI journey with Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB—compete for $10K
9 May 2024, Microsoft

Public preview: Change partition key of a container in Azure Cosmos DB (NoSQL API) | Azure updates
27 March 2024, Microsoft

Azure Synapse Link for Cosmos DB: New Analytics Capabilities
10 November 2023, InfoQ.com

How to Migrate Azure Cosmos DB Databases | by Arwin Lashawn
25 August 2023, DataDrivenInvestor

Microsoft Benchmarks Distributed PostgreSQL DBs
10 July 2023, Datanami

provided by Google News

Copilot in Azure SQL Database in Private Preview
27 March 2024, InfoQ.com

Microsoft unveils Copilot for Azure SQL Database
27 March 2024, InfoWorld

Why migrate Windows Server and SQL Server to Azure: ROI, innovation, and free offers
25 April 2024, Microsoft

Microsoft Announces a New Azure SQL Database Free Offer in Public Preview
1 October 2023, InfoQ.com

Power what’s next with limitless relational databases from Azure
15 November 2023, Microsoft

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

SingleStore logo

The database to transact, analyze and contextualize your data in real time.
Try it today.

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Present your product here