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DBMS > Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle vs. Spark SQL vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle vs. Spark SQL vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used RDBMSSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.62
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score1234.27
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score19.15
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.35
Rank#165  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.graphengine.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­databasespark.apache.org/­sqlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasespark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftOracleApache Software FoundationOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20102016198020141998
Current release23c, September 20233.5.0 ( 2.13), September 202311 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation language.NET and CC++C and C++Scala
Server operating systems.NEThostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C#
Java
PHP
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Java
Python
R
Scala
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQLPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possiblenoPL/SQL
Triggersnonoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding, horizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizednoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Graph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracleSpark SQLTimesTen
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