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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Coherence

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Coherence

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Coherence  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerOracles in-memory data grid solution
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score30.50
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#130  Overall
#22  Key-value stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhbase.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­java/­coherence
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.oracle.com/­en/­middleware/­standalone/­coherence
DeveloperGoogleApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMicrosoftOracle
Initial release2017200820102007
Current release2.3.4, January 2021V1214.1, August 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
hostedAll OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoCoprocessors in JavaTransact SQLno
Triggersnoyesyesyes infoLive Events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, with always 3 replicas availableyes, with selectable consistency level
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infooptionally
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardauthentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHBaseMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracle Coherence
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