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DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformData logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLRDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments
Primary database modelDocument storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.49
Rank#79  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score4.75
Rank#75  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#78  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­datastoregithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sql-anywhere.html
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_SQL_Anywhere
DeveloperGoogleChris DavisMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP infoformerly Sybase
Initial release2008200620101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1992
Current releaseV1216.2, February 202417, July 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languagePythonC++C
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes, details hereNumeric data onlyyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (GQL)noyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP API
Sockets
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresusing Google App EnginenoTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl
TriggersCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using Paxosnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication infoDatabase mirroring
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.noneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infolockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud DatastoreGraphiteMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePostgreSQLSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere
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