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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HBase vs. HEAVY.AI vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HBase vs. HEAVY.AI vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableA high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Wide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score30.50
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score1.77
Rank#141  Overall
#65  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablehbase.apache.orggithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
www.postgresql.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docshbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.heavy.aiwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperGoogleApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetHEAVY.AI, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2015200820161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2019
Current release2.3.4, January 20215.10, January 202216.3, May 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++ and CUDACClojure
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
LinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free, schema definition possibleyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenooptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnononoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoCoprocessors in Javanouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnoyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoRound robinpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)noACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
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