DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. H2GIS vs. KeyDB vs. Newts vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. H2GIS vs. KeyDB vs. Newts vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Spatial extension of H2

An ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocols

Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

Primary database model

Key-value store
Wide column store

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.26
Rank	#92	Overall
	#13	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	0.71
Rank	#226	Overall
	#33	Key-value stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Score	645.54
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/bigtable

www.h2gis.org

github.com/Snapchat/KeyDB
keydb.dev

opennms.github.io/newts

www.postgresql.org

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

www.h2gis.org/docs/home

docs.keydb.dev

github.com/OpenNMS/newts/wiki

www.postgresql.org/docs

Developer

Google

CNRS

EQ Alpha Technology Ltd.

OpenNMS Group

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Initial release

2015

2013

2019

2014

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

Current release

16.3, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

LGPL 3.0

Open Source

BSD-3

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

partial

Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

by using the Redis Search module

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

Proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protoco

HTTP REST
Java API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Java

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic

Java

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

based on H2

Lua

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

yes

based on H2

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

Optimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scripts

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

yes

based on H2

simple password-based access control and ACL

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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