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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. ToroDB vs. Valentina Server

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. ToroDB vs. Valentina Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonValentina Server  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLObject-relational database and reports server
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#327  Overall
#145  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasegithub.com/­torodb/­serverwww.valentina-db.net
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlvalentina-db.com/­docs/­dokuwiki/­v5/­doku.php
DeveloperGoogleThomas MuellerMicrosoft8KdataParadigma Software
Initial release20152005201020161999
Current release2.2.220, July 2023V125.7.5
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMhostedAll OS with a Java 7 VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Visual Basic
Visual Basic.NET
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsTransact SQLyes
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableH2Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureToroDBValentina Server
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