DBMS > Geode vs. MariaDB vs. SingleStore vs. TigerGraph vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Geode vs. MariaDB vs. SingleStore vs. TigerGraph vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.86
Rank	#134	Overall
	#24	Key-value stores

Score	91.04
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	5.38
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	1.80
Rank	#138	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

geode.apache.org

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

www.singlestore.com

www.tigergraph.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

geode.apache.org/docs

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

docs.singlestore.com

docs.tigergraph.com

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

SingleStore Inc.

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2002

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2013

2017

2019

Current release

1.1, February 2017

11.3.2, February 2024

8.5, January 2024

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

commercial

free developer edition available

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.

SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C++, Go

C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux

64 bit version required

Linux

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (OQL)

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C++
Java

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

yes

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Sharding

hash partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes, on a single node

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights per client and object definable

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
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Competitive advantages

MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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Typical application scenarios

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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Key customers

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
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Market metrics

MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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Licensing and pricing models

MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
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