DBMS > Geode vs. LevelDB vs. MariaDB vs. SingleStore vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison Geode vs. LevelDB vs. MariaDB vs. SingleStore vs. Tarantool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Spatial DBMS

with Tarantool/GIS extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.92
Rank	#131	Overall
	#23	Key-value stores

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	93.21
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	5.60
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#144	Overall
	#25	Document stores
	#25	Key-value stores
	#66	Relational DBMS

Website

geode.apache.org

github.com/google/leveldb

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

www.singlestore.com

www.tarantool.io

Technical documentation

geode.apache.org/docs

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

docs.singlestore.com

www.tarantool.io/en/doc

Developer

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

Google

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

SingleStore Inc.

Initial release

2002

2011

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2013

2008

Current release

1.1, February 2017

1.23, February 2021

11.3.2, February 2024

8.5, January 2024

2.10.0, May 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

commercial

free developer edition available

Open Source

BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

Implementation language

Java

C++

C and C++

C++, Go

C and C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux

64 bit version required

BSD
Linux
macOS

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

yes

Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (OQL)

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

Full-featured ANSI SQL support

APIs and other access methods

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

Open binary protocol

Supported programming languages

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

yes

Lua, C and SQL stored procedures

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

yes

yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Sharding

hash partitioning

Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

Asynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition

when using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition

when using Raft

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes, on a single node

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes, cooperative multitasking

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes, write ahead logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence

User concepts

Access control

Access rights per client and object definable

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
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Competitive advantages

MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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Typical application scenarios

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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Key customers

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
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Market metrics

MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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Licensing and pricing models

MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
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