DBMS > FoundationDB vs. HBase vs. MariaDB vs. ScyllaDB vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. HBase vs. MariaDB vs. ScyllaDB vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

Cassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column store

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.06
Rank	#185	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#85	Relational DBMS

Score	27.97
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	91.04
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	4.08
Rank	#76	Overall
	#5	Wide column stores

Website

github.com/apple/foundationdb

hbase.apache.org

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

www.scylladb.com

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

apple.github.io/foundationdb

hbase.apache.org/book.html

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

docs.scylladb.com

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

FoundationDB

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

ScyllaDB

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

2013

2008

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2015

2014

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

2.3.4, January 2021

11.3.2, February 2024

ScyllaDB Open Source 5.4.1, January 2024

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

Open Source (AGPL), commercial license available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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Implementation language

C++

Java

C and C++

C++

C++, Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

some layers support typing

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

cluster global secondary indices

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Proprietary protocol (CQL)

compatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

yes

Coprocessors in Java

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

yes, Lua

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

in SQL-layer only

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

in-memory tables

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users can be defined per object

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

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