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DBMS > Firebird vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQL.JS

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQL.JS

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSPort of SQLite to JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score19.46
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score83.44
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score807.76
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#246  Overall
#115  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgmariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serversql.js.org
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarylearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serversql.js.org/­documentation/­index.html
DeveloperFirebird FoundationMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
MicrosoftAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by others
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 199519892012
Current release5.0.1, August 202411.5.2, August 2024SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC and C++C and C++C++JavaScript
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
Linux
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyesyes infoDynamic columns are supportedyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JavaScript API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneseveral options for horizontal partitioning and Shardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a file
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infowith MEMORY storage engineyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
FirebirdMariaDBMicrosoft SQL ServerSQL.JS
Specific characteristicsMariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more
Competitive advantagesMariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
» more
Typical application scenariosWeb, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more
Key customersDeutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more
Market metricsMariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more

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Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat for MariaDB provides a native environment for MariaDB database management and development.
» more
Navicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development.
» more

Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
» more

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More resources
FirebirdMariaDBMicrosoft SQL ServerSQL.JS
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