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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDFox vs. Solr vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDFox vs. Solr vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Search engineRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oxfordsemantic.techsolr.apache.orgwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.oxfordsemantic.techsolr.apache.org/­resources.htmlwww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperMicrosoftOxford Semantic TechnologiesApache Software FoundationDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release20182010201720062000
Current release0.10, February 2024V126.0, Septermber 20229.6.0, April 20243.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++JavaC
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)server-less
Data schemeyesyesyes infoRDF schemasyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typingyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesnoSolr Parallel SQL Interfaceyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
Java
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLJava pluginsno
Triggersnoyesyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availablereplication via a shared file systemyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDoptimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRoles, resources, and access typesyesno

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DuckDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRDFoxSolrSQLite
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