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DBMS > Dgraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. Redis vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. Redis vs. TiDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRedis  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLPopular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments infoRedis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies.TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store infoMultiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistenceRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store infowith RedisJSON
Graph DBMS infowith RedisGraph
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infowith RediSearch
Time Series DBMS infowith RedisTimeSeries
Vector DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score157.80
Rank#6  Overall
#1  Key-value stores
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iowww.postgresql.orgredis.com
redis.io
pingcap.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.redis.com/­latest/­index.html
redis.io/­docs
docs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRedis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo infoDevelopment sponsored by Redis Inc.PingCAP, Inc.
Initial release20161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20092016
Current release16.2, February 20247.2.4, January 20248.0.0, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infosource-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis EnterpriseOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs.TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageGoCCGo, Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows infoported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc.
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infowith RediSearch moduleyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionswith RediSQL moduleyes
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocolGORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github)no
Triggersnoyespublish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGearsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infoAutomatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual shardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication infowith Redis Enterprise Pack
Source-replica replication infoChained replication is supported
Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonothrough RedisGearsyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases
Strong consistency with Redis Raft
Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDAtomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the serveryes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/­docs/­management/­security/­acl
LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise
Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/­docs/­management/­security/­encryption
Password-based authentication
Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
DgraphPostgreSQLRedisTiDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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