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DBMS > Dgraph vs. eXtremeDB vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. eXtremeDB vs. LevelDB vs. Oracle vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesWidely used RDBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.80
Rank#214  Overall
#99  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score1244.08
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iowww.mcobject.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docswww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasewww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.McObjectGoogleOraclePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20162001201119801989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release8.2, 20211.23, February 202123c, September 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC and C++C++C and C++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infosupport of XML interfaces availablenoyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLnoyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnoPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyes infoby defining eventsnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyeshorizontal partitioning / shardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftActive Replication Fabricâ„¢ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
noneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'no
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
DgrapheXtremeDBLevelDBOraclePostgreSQL
Specific characteristicseXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Competitive advantageseXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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Typical application scenariosIoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Key customersSchneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Market metricsWith hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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Licensing and pricing modelsFor server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
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More resources
DgrapheXtremeDBLevelDBOraclePostgreSQL
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