DB-EnginesInfluxDB: Focus on building software with an easy-to-use serverless, scalable time series platformEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. LMDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. LMDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Key-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iocloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbwww.postgresql.orgwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.lmdb.tech/­docwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleSymasPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release2016201520111989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2000
Current release0.9.32, January 202416.2, February 20243.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoCCC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-less
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnonoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnononoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesSharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
» more

Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
» more

Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
» more

Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
» more

Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
» more

pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
» more

CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
» more

Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
» more

Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
» more

Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
» more
Navicat for SQLite is a powerful and comprehensive SQLite GUI that provides a complete set of functions for database management and development.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
DgraphGoogle Cloud BigtableLMDBPostgreSQLSQLite
DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023
2 January 2024, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year
3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021
3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Big gains for Relational Database Management Systems in DB-Engines Ranking
2 February 2016, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Conferences, events and webinars

Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

Recent citations in the news

Dgraph on AWS: Setting up a horizontally scalable graph database | Amazon Web Services
1 September 2020, AWS Blog

Popular Open Source GraphQL Company Dgraph Secures $6M in Seed Round with New Leadership
20 July 2022, PR Newswire

Dgraph Rises to the Top Graph Database on GitHub With 11 G2 Badges and 11M Downloads
26 May 2021, Business Wire

Dgraph launches Slash GraphQL, a GraphQL-native database Backend-as-a-Service
10 September 2020, TechCrunch

Dgraph Raises $6M in Seed Funding
20 July 2022, FinSMEs

provided by Google News

Google's AI-First Strategy Brings Vector Support To Cloud Databases
1 March 2024, Forbes

Google announces Axion, its first Arm-based CPU for data centers
9 April 2024, Yahoo Movies Canada

Google Introduces Autoscaling for Cloud Bigtable for Optimizing Costs
31 January 2022, InfoQ.com

Review: Google Bigtable scales with ease
7 September 2016, InfoWorld

Google scales up Cloud Bigtable NoSQL database
27 January 2022, TechTarget

provided by Google News

Automating SAP S/4HANA Migration with IT-Conductor, BGP Managed Services, and AWS | Amazon Web Services
22 August 2023, AWS Blog

The Tom Brady Data Biography
8 September 2023, StatsBomb

The Lightning Memory-mapped Database
2 March 2016, InfoQ.com

Akamai launches managed database service – Blocks and Files
25 April 2022, Blocks & Files

Connecting the worlds of metabolomics databases
15 June 2021, Medical Xpress

provided by Google News

PostgreSQL Security Flaws Let Attackers Execute Code
6 May 2024, CybersecurityNews

Introducing OCI Database with PostgreSQL: Completing Our Cloud Database Suite for Every Need
14 November 2023, blogs.oracle.com

Automatically Generate Types for Your PostgreSQL Database
1 May 2024, The New Stack

Your MySQL 5.7 and PostgreSQL 11 databases will be automatically enrolled into Amazon RDS Extended Support ...
21 December 2023, AWS Blog

AGEDB Technology Launches PGTS - PostgreSQL Tech-Support – Company Announcement - FT.com
8 May 2024, Financial Times

provided by Google News

How to work with Dapper and SQLite in ASP.NET Core
10 May 2024, InfoWorld

Limbo Is An SQLite-Compatible OLTP DBMS Leveraging IO_uring & Rust
9 May 2024, Phoronix

SQLite's new support for binary JSON is similar but different from a PostgreSQL feature • DEVCLASS
16 January 2024, DevClass

Universal API Access from Postgres and SQLite
27 February 2024, oreilly.com

A Closer Look at the Top 3 Embedded Databases: SQLite, RocksDB, and DuckDB
29 August 2023, hackernoon.com

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

SingleStore logo

Database for your real-time AI and Analytics Apps.
Try it today.

Present your product here