DBMS > Derby vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. Typesense

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. Typesense

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

A typo-tolerant, in-memory search engine optimized for instant search-as-you-type experiences and developer productivity

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

RDF store

Search engine

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.71
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	645.54
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.79
Rank	#210	Overall
	#14	Search engines

Website

db.apache.org/derby

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.postgresql.org

rdf4j.org

typesense.org

Technical documentation

db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

www.postgresql.org/docs

rdf4j.org/documentation

typesense.org/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Microsoft

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

1997

2010

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

2004

2015

Current release

10.17.1.0, November 2023

V12

16.3, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

GPL V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

pre-defined schema optional

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Java
PHP
Python

.Net

community maintained
Clojure

community maintained
Dart

community maintained
Go

community maintained
Java

community maintained
JavaScript
Perl

community maintained
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

community maintained
Swift

community maintained

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

Transact SQL

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

yes, with always 3 replicas available

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

none

Multi-source replication using RAFT

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

3rd parties

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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources

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