DBMS > Derby vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SingleStore vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SingleStore vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Well established RDBMS

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.60
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	76.78
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	5.38
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	111.41
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

db.apache.org/derby

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.singlestore.com

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html

docs.actian.com/ingres

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

docs.singlestore.com

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

SingleStore Inc.

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

1997

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2010

2013

2000

Current release

10.17.1.0, November 2023

11.2, May 2022

V12

8.5, January 2024

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

free developer edition available

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

Implementation language

Java

C++

C++, Go

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Linux

64 bit version required

server-less

Data scheme

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

yes

Transact SQL

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding

hash partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

Ingres Replicator

yes, with always 3 replicas available

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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Licensing and pricing models

F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
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