DBMS > atoti vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison atoti vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An in-memory DBMS combining transactional and analytical processing to handle the aggregation of ever-changing data.

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Widely used RDBMS

Widely used in-process key-value store

Primary database model

Object oriented DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.56
Rank	#245	Overall
	#10	Object oriented DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#117	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Website

atoti.io

www.datomic.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.oracle.com/database

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

Technical documentation

docs.atoti.io

docs.datomic.com

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.oracle.com/en/database

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

Developer

ActiveViam

Cognitect

Microsoft

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Initial release

2012

1989

1980

1994

Current release

1.0.6735, June 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

23c, September 2023

18.1.40, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free versions available

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

Java, Clojure

C++

C and C++

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Multidimensional Expressions (MDX)

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Python

yes

Transaction Functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

only for the SQL API

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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