DBMS > Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostGIS vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostGIS vs. Tkrzw

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Spatial extension of PostgreSQL

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	76.78
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	21.72
Rank	#29	Overall
	#1	Spatial DBMS

Score	0.07
Rank	#372	Overall
	#57	Key-value stores

Website

www.datomic.com

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

postgis.net

dbmx.net/tkrzw

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

postgis.net/documentation

Developer

Cognitect

Microsoft

Mikio Hirabayashi

Initial release

2012

2010

1989

2005

2020

Current release

1.0.7075, December 2023

V12

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.4.2, February 2024

0.9.3, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPL v2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

Transact SQL

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

user defined functions

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

yes

based on PostgreSQL

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes, with always 3 replicas available

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

based on PostgreSQL

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

based on PostgreSQL

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