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DBMS > Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. MonetDB vs. Newts vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. MonetDB vs. Newts vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonNewts  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA relational database management system that stores data in columnsTime Series DBMS based on CassandraWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score1.72
Rank#145  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.monetdb.orgopennms.github.io/­newtswww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.monetdb.org/­Documentationgithub.com/­OpenNMS/­newts/­wikiwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperCognitectMicrosoftMonetDB BVOpenNMS GroupPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20122014200420141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release1.0.6735, June 2023Dec2023 (11.49), December 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
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Implementation languageJava, ClojureCJavaC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
HTTP REST
Java API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Java.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsJavaScriptyes, in SQL, C, Rnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersBy using transaction functionsJavaScriptyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding via remote tablesSharding infobased on Cassandrapartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Eventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
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