DBMS > CrateDB vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NebulaGraph vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison CrateDB vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NebulaGraph vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed Database based on Lucene

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.73
Rank	#224	Overall
	#37	Document stores
	#5	Spatial DBMS
	#16	Search engines
	#19	Time Series DBMS
	#8	Vector DBMS

Score	3.02
Rank	#98	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	4.64
Rank	#71	Overall
	#4	Time Series DBMS

Website

cratedb.com

memgraph.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

www.timescale.com

Technical documentation

cratedb.com/docs

memgraph.com/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.nebula-graph.io

docs.timescale.com

Social network pages

Developer

Crate

Memgraph Ltd

Microsoft

Vesoft Inc.

Timescale

Initial release

2013

2017

1989

2019

2017

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

2.13.0, November 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator support

Linux

Linux
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

schema-free and schema-optional

yes

Strong typed schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

numerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibility

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

full PostgreSQL SQL syntax

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

.NET
Erlang
Go

community maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

community maintained client
Perl

community maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

community maintained client
Scala

community maintained client

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions (Javascript)

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

user defined functions

user defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

yes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Configurable replication on table/partition-level

Multi-source replication using RAFT

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

unique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategy

ACID

with snapshot isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

rights management via user accounts

Users, roles and permissions

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

The enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more

Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

Response time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more

Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more

Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Across all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

The CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
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At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

See CrateDB pricing >
» more

You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.