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DBMS > Couchbase vs. JanusGraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. TinkerGraph vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Couchbase vs. JanusGraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. TinkerGraph vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseA Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APIVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsKey-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score16.59
Rank#36  Overall
#5  Document stores
Score2.02
Rank#125  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#345  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.couchbase.comjanusgraph.orgwww.postgresql.orgtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlinvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.couchbase.comdocs.janusgraph.orgwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperCouchbase, Inc.Linux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpenLink Software
Initial release201120171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20091998
Current releaseServer: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 20230.6.3, February 202316.3, May 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, C++, Go and ErlangJavaCJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsCLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
TinkerPop 3ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Groovy
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++yesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyes infovia the TAP protocolyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesAutomatic Shardingyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
yesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics enginenonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyesoptionalyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoEphemeral bucketsnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serverfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Couchbase infoOriginally called MembaseJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanPostgreSQLTinkerGraphVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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More resources
Couchbase infoOriginally called MembaseJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanPostgreSQLTinkerGraphVirtuoso
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