DBMS > Couchbase vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. KeyDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus
System Properties Comparison Couchbase vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. KeyDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus
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| Name | Couchbase  Originally called Membase Xexclude from comparison | IBM Db2 Event Store Xexclude from comparison | KeyDB Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | Prometheus Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | A distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile database | Distributed Event Store optimized for Internet of Things use cases | An ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocols | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | Open-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring system | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Document store | Event Store Time Series DBMS | Key-value store | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Time Series DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Key-value store originating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol Spatial DBMS using the Geocouch extensionSearch engine Time Series DBMS Vector DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.couchbase.com | www.ibm.com/products/db2-event-store | github.com/Snapchat/KeyDB keydb.dev | www.postgresql.org | prometheus.io | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | docs.couchbase.com | www.ibm.com/docs/en/db2-event-store | docs.keydb.dev | www.postgresql.org/docs | prometheus.io/docs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Couchbase, Inc. | IBM | EQ Alpha Technology Ltd. | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2011 | 2017 | 2019 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 2023 | 2.0 | 16.3, May 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Business Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also available | commercial free developer edition available | Open Source BSD-3 | Open Source BSD | Open Source Apache 2.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementation language | C, C++, Go and Erlang | C and C++ | C++ | C | Go | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | Linux OS X Windows | Linux Linux, macOS, Windows for the developer addition | Linux | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Linux Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | schema-free | yes | schema-free | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | partial Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes | yes | Numeric data only | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no Import of XML data possible | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | no | yes by using the Redis Search module | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | SQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use cases | yes through the embedded Spark runtime | no | yes standard with numerous extensions | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | CLI Client HTTP REST Kafka Connector Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs Spark Connector Spring Data | ADO.NET DB2 Connect JDBC ODBC RESTful HTTP API | Proprietary protocol RESP - REdis Serialization Protoco | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | RESTful HTTP/JSON API | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | .Net C Go Java JavaScript Node.jsKotlin PHP Python Ruby Scala | C C# C++ Cobol Delphi Fortran Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python R Ruby Scala Visual Basic | C C# C++ Clojure Crystal D Dart Elixir Erlang Fancy Go Haskell Haxe Java JavaScript (Node.js) Lisp Lua MatLab Objective-C OCaml Pascal Perl PHP Prolog Pure Data Python R Rebol Ruby Rust Scala Scheme Smalltalk Swift Tcl Visual Basic | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | .Net C++ Go Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python Ruby | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | Functions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++ | yes | Lua | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes via the TAP protocol | no | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Automatic Sharding | Sharding | Sharding | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Multi-source replication including cross data center replication Source-replica replication | Active-active shard replication | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | yes by Federation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | yes | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency selectable on a per-operation basis | Eventual Consistency | Eventual Consistency Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs | Immediate Consistency | none | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | no | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | no | Optimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scripts | ACID | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | No - written data is immutable | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | Yes - Synchronous writes to local disk combined with replication and asynchronous writes in parquet format to permanent shared storage | yes Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes Ephemeral buckets | yes | yes | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | User and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control. | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | simple password-based access control and ACL | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Couchbase Originally called Membase | IBM Db2 Event Store | KeyDB | PostgreSQL | Prometheus | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | Couchbase climbs up the DB-Engines Ranking, increasing its popularity by 10% every month | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Recent citations in the news | These Analysts Cut Their Forecasts On Couchbase After Q1 Results Database company Couchbase cruises to another solid earnings and revenue beat Couchbase Q1 Earnings: Strong Growth With A Step Towards Profitability (NASDAQ:BASE) Wells Fargo lowers Couchbase stock price target amid macro pressures By Investing.com Couchbase (NASDAQ:BASE) Posts Better-Than-Expected Sales In Q1, Next Quarter's Growth Looks Optimistic provided by Google News | Advancements in streaming data storage, real-time analysis and machine learning How IBM Is Turning Db2 into an 'AI Database' Best cloud databases of 2022 provided by Google News | Oh, snap! Snap snaps up database developer KeyDB Snap Acquires KeyDB for Open-Source Services Microsoft open-sources Garnet cache-store -- a Redis rival? Dragonfly 1.0 Released For What Claims To Be The World's Fastest In-Memory Data Store Redis 6 arrives with multithreading for faster I/O provided by Google News | How To Schedule PostgreSQL Backups With GitHub Actions Raise the bar on AI-powered app development with Azure Database for PostgreSQL How to implement a better like, views, comment counters in PostgreSQL? Introducing OCI Database with PostgreSQL: Completing Our Cloud Database Suite for Every Need Continuously replicate Amazon DynamoDB changes to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL using AWS Lambda | Amazon ... provided by Google News | VTEX scales to 150 million metrics using Amazon Managed Service for Prometheus | Amazon Web Services Exadata Real-Time Insight - Quick Start OpenTelemetry vs. Prometheus: You can’t fix what you can’t see VictoriaMetrics Offers Prometheus Replacement for Time Series Monitoring Linux System Monitoring with Prometheus, Grafana, and collectd provided by Google News | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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