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DBMS > Couchbase vs. Datomic vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison Couchbase vs. Datomic vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsKey-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.30
Rank#36  Overall
#5  Document stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score44.69
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.couchbase.comwww.datomic.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.html
Technical documentationdocs.couchbase.comdocs.datomic.comwww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­hana
DeveloperCouchbase, Inc.CognitectPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP
Initial release201120121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2010
Current releaseServer: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 20231.0.6735, June 202316.2, February 20242.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoalso available as a cloud based service
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC, C++, Go and ErlangJava, ClojureC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Appliance or cloud-service
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsCLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++yes infoTransaction Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.SQLScript, R
Triggersyes infovia the TAP protocolBy using transaction functionsyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesAutomatic Shardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peerspartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoEphemeral bucketsyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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More resources
Couchbase infoOriginally called MembaseDatomicPostgreSQLSAP HANA
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