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DBMS > CouchDB vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tkrzw

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.A distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
Primary database modelDocument storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgwww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.orgdbmx.net/­tkrzw
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-startedlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerCirconus LLC.MicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerMikio Hirabayashi
Initial release2005201719891989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2020
Current release3.3.3, December 2023V0.10.20, January 2018SQL Server 2022, November 202216.3, May 20240.9.3, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangC and C++C++CC++
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxLinux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infotext, numeric, histogramsyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)yesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIHTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptyes, in LuaTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Automatic, metric affinity per nodetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
configurable replication factor, datacenter awareyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodesImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possiblenoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesnoyes infousing specific database classes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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