DBMS > CouchDB vs. Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres vs. H2 vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres vs. H2 vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

Enterprise-grade PostgreSQL-based DBMS with security enhancements such as Transparent Data Encryption and Data Masking, plus high-availability and performance improvement features.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Widely used in-process key-value store

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Document store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.30
Rank	#47	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	0.37
Rank	#278	Overall
	#128	Relational DBMS

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	2.01
Rank	#126	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	111.41
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

couchdb.apache.org

www.postgresql.fastware.com

www.h2database.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

www.postgresql.fastware.com/product-manuals

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

PostgreSQL Global Development Group, Fujitsu Australia Software Technology

Thomas Mueller

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2005

1994

2000

Current release

3.3.3, December 2023

Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres 14, January 2022

2.2.220, July 2023

18.1.40, May 2020

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

commercial license available

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Erlang

Java

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Server operating systems

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

server-less

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Java

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

user defined functions

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

partitioning by range, list and by hash

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a single document possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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