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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Well established RDBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelDocument storeDocument storeKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasecloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablefirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasecloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014GoogleActian CorporationMicrosoft
Initial release2005201220151974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2010
Current release3.3.3, December 202311.2, May 2022V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangCC++
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedhostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyes
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptlimited functionality with using 'rules'noyesTransact SQL
TriggersyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Shardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesIngres Replicatoryes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleyesAtomic single-row operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Firebase Realtime DatabaseGoogle Cloud BigtableIngresMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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