DBMS > CouchDB vs. EDB Postgres vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PouchDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. EDB Postgres vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PouchDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

The EDB Postgres Platform is an enterprise-class data management platform based on the open source database PostgreSQL with flexible deployment options and Oracle compatibility features, complemented by tool kits for management, integration, and migration.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs

Primary database model

Document store

Relational DBMS

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.30
Rank	#47	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	1.91
Rank	#130	Overall
	#60	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	2.34
Rank	#112	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Score	4.27
Rank	#73	Overall
	#13	Document stores
	#4	Graph DBMS
	#2	Native XML DBMS
	#39	Relational DBMS
	#2	RDF stores
	#9	Search engines

Website

couchdb.apache.org

www.enterprisedb.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

pouchdb.com

virtuoso.openlinksw.com

Technical documentation

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

www.enterprisedb.com/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

pouchdb.com/guides

docs.openlinksw.com/virtuoso

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

EnterpriseDB

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation

OpenLink Software

Initial release

2005

1989

2012

1998

Current release

3.3.3, December 2023

14, December 2021

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

7.1.1, June 2019

7.2.11, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

BSD for PostgreSQL-components

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Erlang

C++

JavaScript

Server operating systems

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

SQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard with numerous extensions

yes

SQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT

Supported programming languages

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

JavaScript

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

View functions in JavaScript

yes

Virtuoso PL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

horizontal partitioning

by hash, list or range

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a single document possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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