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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SingleStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerWidely used in-process key-value storeMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score5.60
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.singlestore.com
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldocs.singlestore.com
DeveloperCockroach LabsLeanXcaleMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleSingleStore Inc.
Initial release20152015201019942013
Current release23.1.1, May 2023V1218.1.40, May 20208.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availablecommercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities
Implementation languageGoC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C++, Go
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
hostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux info64 bit version required
Data schemedynamic schemayesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyes infothrough Apache Derbyyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C
Java
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLnoyes
Triggersnoyesyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnoneSharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoFine grained access control via users, groups and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
CockroachDBLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracle Berkeley DBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
Specific characteristicsSingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
Competitive advantagesSingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
» more
Typical application scenariosDriving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more
Key customersIEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsF ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

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More resources
CockroachDBLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracle Berkeley DBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
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