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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Geode vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Geode vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SingleStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#131  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score5.60
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comgeode.apache.orgwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.singlestore.com
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsgeode.apache.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.singlestore.com
DeveloperCockroach LabsOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.LeanXcaleMicrosoftSingleStore Inc.
Initial release20152002201520102013
Current release23.1.1, May 20231.1, February 2017V128.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfirecommercialcommercialcommercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities
Implementation languageGoJavaC++C++, Go
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredhostedLinux info64 bit version required
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like query language (OQL)yes infothrough Apache Derbyyesyes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJava Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
C
Java
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsTransact SQLyes
Triggersnoyes infoCache Event Listenersyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingSharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replicationyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes, on a single nodeACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlAccess rights per client and object definablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access control via users, groups and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
CockroachDBGeodeLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
Specific characteristicsSingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
Competitive advantagesSingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
» more
Typical application scenariosDriving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more
Key customersIEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsF ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

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More resources
CockroachDBGeodeLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
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